Having digested these influences upon returning from his trip, Howard rewrote a rejected story, " By This Axe I Rule!" (May 1929), replacing his existing character Kull of Atlantis with his new hero and retitling it " The Phoenix on the Sword".
According to some scholars, Howard's conception of Conan and the Hyborian Age may have originated in Thomas Bulfinch's The Outline of Mythology (1913) which inspired Howard to "coalesce into a coherent whole his literary aspirations and the strong physical, autobiographical elements underlying the creation of Conan".
During this trip, he further conceived the character of Conan and also wrote the poem " Cimmeria", much of which echoes specific passages in Plutarch's Lives. In February 1932, Howard vacationed at a border town on the lower Rio Grande. Some Howard scholars believe this Conan to be a forerunner of the more famous character. "People of the Dark" is a story about the remembrance of " past lives", and in its first-person narrative, the protagonist describes one of his previous incarnations Conan is a black-haired barbarian hero who swears by a deity called Crom. In October 1931, he submitted the short story "People of the Dark" to Clayton Publications' new magazine, Strange Tales of Mystery and Terror (June 1932). Howard was searching for a new character to market to the burgeoning pulp outlets of the early 1930s. Howard created Conan the Barbarian in a series of fantasy stories published in Weird Tales from 1932.
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